Naema Tandao 
Faith Nyongesa
Over the past 12 years, Bungoma County has achieved notable progress in enhancing its water, sanitation, and irrigation infrastructure, largely due to the process of devolution. Before devolution took effect, these essential services were managed centrally at the national level, which often resulted in uneven development and frequent disruptions in service delivery.
Following the devolution in 2010, the responsibility for managing water, sanitation, and irrigation shifted to the Bungoma County government. This transition enabled the county to focus on these critical areas with greater attention to the unique needs of its varied rural and urban communities.
The county has since invested significantly in several key infrastructure projects. Among these are the construction of new boreholes, the establishment of water treatment plants, and the expansion of piped water networks. These initiatives have played a crucial role in improving access to clean drinking water for the population.
In addition to water projects, Bungoma County has made substantial improvements to its sewer systems and waste management practices, particularly in its largest towns. These upgrades are essential for maintaining public health and environmental quality in urban areas.
Another major area of focus has been irrigation projects designed to support local smallholder farmers. By introducing modern irrigation techniques, the county has aimed to enhance agricultural productivity and ensure a more reliable food supply.
The impact of these investments has been significant. Since 2010, household access to clean water in Bungoma has risen from 60% to 85%. Sanitation coverage has also improved, with 75% of the population now benefiting from basic sanitation services. Additionally, crop yields in irrigated regions have increased by 20-30%, reflecting the positive outcomes of enhanced irrigation.
Bungoma’s experience highlights the potential of devolution to empower local governments to better address specific community needs. The progress made in water, sanitation, and irrigation demonstrates how local management can drive more effective and inclusive development.
Overall, Bungoma County’s advancements in these critical areas have greatly contributed to the improved living standards and economic opportunities for its residents, underscoring the value of devolved governance in fostering local development.
